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12 Jun 2026
Autonomous driving systems rely on precise trajectory prediction to plan safe and efficient movement. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become a promising approach for modelling spatiotemporal interactions among road agents.
12 Jun 2026
We study a \emph{max-risk} objective for active learning in a multi-group mean estimation $d$-armed bandits: a learner adaptively allocates a budget of $T$ samples across $d$ groups to minimize the worst-case uncertainty index $\max_{k\in[d]}σ_k^2/n_k$, where $σ_k$ is the…
12 Jun 2026
Activation functions play a central role in neural networks by shaping internal representations. Recently, learning binary activation representations has attracted significant attention due to their advantages in computational and memory efficiency, as well as interpretability.
12 Jun 2026
Transformer-based clinical language models are increasingly integrated into high-stakes clinical decision support pipelines, yet the computational mechanisms through which demographic associations encoded in medical documentation propagate into model probability distributions…
12 Jun 2026
Effective modeling of endangered marine mammal species, such as the North Atlantic Right Whale, is critical for balancing marine conservation with the growing blue economy.
12 Jun 2026
How to define a good explanation is a long-standing philosophical debate which has found recent renewed interest in the context of AI outputs. Explainability is crucial for AI adoption in many contexts, but in order to produce good explanations of AI systems, we must first have…
12 Jun 2026
Educational chatbots powered by large language models (LLMs) show promising effects on learning outcomes, yet most systems delegate pedagogical decisions such as content selection and didactic structuring implicitly to the LLM, making tutoring strategies difficult to trace,…
12 Jun 2026
Predicting the Kohn-Sham Hamiltonian with machine learning can accelerate density functional theory while retaining access to molecular orbitals, energy levels, and electronic-structure observables that energy-only surrogates cannot resolve.
12 Jun 2026
Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) model biological neural dynamics more faithfully than classical artificial networks, but their stochastic, event-driven computation -- rooted in ion-channel noise and unreliable synaptic vesicle release -- demands probabilistic models for which…
12 Jun 2026
Scientific machine learning (SciML) has emerged as a promising approach for accelerating simulations of complex physical systems, yet achieving physically consistent and generalizable predictions for nonlinear, history-dependent problems remains a central challenge.
12 Jun 2026
This volume develops a knowledge theory of capital for economies in which productive capacity increasingly resides in software, data, models, routines, expertise, platforms, organizations, commons, and public epistemic infrastructure.
12 Jun 2026
Interventions designed to modify a particular behavior in LLMs, such as refusal or sycophancy, often produce unintended changes in other behaviors. This lack of targeted control makes it difficult to design and implement reliable safety controls.
12 Jun 2026
Deepfakes are artificially generated images, audio, or videos that threaten privacy, security, and information integrity. Detecting such content is crucial for countering disinformation, as the latest models generate highly realistic content.
12 Jun 2026
The Materials Science and Engineering ontology landscape is fragmented along multiple axes simultaneously. Horizontally: a recent survey identified 94 ontologies of which over 40 are structurally incompatible; each new application domain -- ceramics, polymers, batteries, smart…
12 Jun 2026
Neural wrappers are learned pre-and postprocessing networks designed to enhance the performance of conventional video codecs. Although these approaches can significantly improve compression efficiency, training them remains challenging due to the non-differentiability of video…
12 Jun 2026
The real-time orchestration of microgrids that combine fluctuating renewable sources, dispatchable units, storage and curtailable consumers requires the repeated solution of combinatorial dispatch and coalition formation problems under hard control deadlines.
12 Jun 2026
This paper presents a structured analysis of security challenges in long-horizon agentic AI systems. The study reviews existing threats, evaluation approaches, attack propagation mechanisms, and security frameworks.
12 Jun 2026
This study presents a statistical and machine learning framework for characterizing a hydrogen-based multi-energy system (H-MES) using one year of high-resolution operational data.
12 Jun 2026
Efficient route optimization play a vital role in ensuring both safety and punctuality in railway operations. It is very crucial particularly in heterogeneous multi-gauge railway networks with varying train speed, stopping pattern, infrastructure compatibility constraints…
12 Jun 2026
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly evaluated for bias using adaptations of human psychological paradigms, yet methodological limitations-particularly the conflation of refusal behavior with task performance-have hindered clear interpretation.
12 Jun 2026
Affordance reasoning, the inference of an object's action possibilities from its physical properties (e.g., shape and material), is fundamental to human physical understanding and increasingly critical for Large Language Models (LLMs).
12 Jun 2026
Memory formation is fundamental to intelligence, yet whether deep neural networks preserve identifiable memory traces analogous to biological memory units remains an open question.
12 Jun 2026
ANEForge is a Python package that programs the Apple Neural Engine (ANE), the fixed-function neural accelerator on every recent Apple device, directly and without CoreML.
11 Jun 2026
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for tasks once reserved for trained researchers, including hypothesis generation, specification choice, and drafting conclusions.