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29 May 2026
This study presents an iterative AI-guided workflow that accelerates graphite-based anode development by improving both formulation feasibility and process robustness. Sequential learning via AI/ML-guided multiobjective inverse design for anode optimization was implemented using…
29 May 2026
We present AMix-2, a protein-text foundation model that establishes protein as a native modality in large language models (LLMs), unifying protein understanding and sequence design within a single foundation model.
29 May 2026
Token-level credit assignment for language-model reinforcement learning is usually formulated as if the policy were fully trainable, while practical LLM-RL pipelines often rely on parameter-efficient fine-tuning, especially LoRA.
28 May 2026
Accurate forecasting of battery health indicators, including remaining capacity and lifetime, is of paramount importance for ensuring the reliability, safety, and operational efficiency of applications such as electric vehicles and large scale energy storage infrastructures.
28 May 2026
Motor imagery (MI) classification using electroencephalography (EEG) signals is essential for advancing brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Traditional EEG channel selection methods often face limitations, such as dependency on single-objective criteria and susceptibility to local…
28 May 2026
Looped transformers apply a shared block multiple times and have emerged as a parameter-efficient route to scaling compute in language models. However, at fixed FLOPs a looped model has strictly less capacity than a baseline transformer.
Yin Jun Phua · 28 May 2026
Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) learns interpretable logical rules from data. Existing methods are transductive: their learned parameters are bound to specific predicates and require retraining for each new task.
28 May 2026
While Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) are the prevailing method for identifying training data, their application has expanded into privacy auditing and machine unlearning.
28 May 2026
We present a fully convolutional denoising autoencoder (FC-DAE) tailored for two-dimensional representations of dynamic correlations that is applicable to many experimental techniques.
28 May 2026
Reconstruction-based inference assigns a class by comparing class-wise reconstruction residuals; Sparse Representation Classification (SRC) is a canonical instance whose reliability depends on the geometry of the learned representation.
28 May 2026
The widespread use of image classification models in high-risk, real-world situations necessitates making these models robust to slight disturbances or perturbations, such as blurring or sharpening, in the input images.
28 May 2026
Finite element analysis (FEA) is the most important numerical approach for solid mechanics. Challenges of FEA include a steep learning curve for entry-level users and potential false simulations due to incorrect definitions of key simulation components, such as boundary…
28 May 2026
Cluster analysis is a widely applied machine learning technique to understand the existing patterns in the population of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), in order to explore their physical sources.
28 May 2026
The aquaculture industry needs to address several challenges to secure sustainable seafood production that can serve an increasing global demand. One major challenge is to ensure good fish health and acceptable welfare during production since the improvement of fish welfare is…
28 May 2026
This paper introduces a new systematic framework for detecting anomalies in maritime Automatic Identification System (AIS) datasets. These anomalies include abnormal vessel behaviours related to speed, position jumps, time gaps, and turn angles.
28 May 2026
Brain cancer's severity necessitates precise brain tumor segmentation, which is crucial for effective brain tumor diagnosis. Manual identification, burdened by high costs, labor, and error risks, highlights the need for automated methods.
28 May 2026
This paper presents the Tensor Product Network (TPNet), a novel neural architecture for efficient and accurate function approximation and PDE solving. The core of the proposal involves constructing the solution explicitly as a linear combination of basis functions integrated…
28 May 2026
Moving beyond simple scalar rewards toward richer world feedback is a natural path to more scalable RL post-training. On-policy self-distillation (OPSD) is a promising recent approach that uses arbitrary feedback as learning signal, yet its reliability compared to established…
28 May 2026
Contrastive Representation Learning (CRL) has achieved strong empirical success in multiple machine learning disciplines, yet its theoretical sample complexity remains poorly understood.
28 May 2026
Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful representation learners whose internal features increasingly align with human cognition. We study whether modern LLMs can serve as a lens for understanding neural representations in the human brain, focusing on emotional…
28 May 2026
In this paper, we discuss question-answer dataset for LLM safety evaluation, with a focus on illegal activities. Specifically, on the basis of manual analysis of AnswerCarefully, we introduce several additional information, methods for creating question-answer examples, and a…
28 May 2026
Machine learning for molecular property prediction has focused largely on pure compounds, even though many practical applications depend on mixtures with intermolecular interactions.
28 May 2026
A crucial component of machine learning algorithms is minimizing loss functions with less computational cost and less oscillations. While adaptive learning rate-based optimizers have been widely used for real-world tasks, they do not guarantee convergence, which is why AMSGrad…
28 May 2026
Accurate prediction of drug-target interactions (DTI) is critical for drug discovery. Existing methods often rely on single-modal representations (e.g., sequences or graphs) or combine only two modalities, overlooking 3D structural features.