Trending research and the full catalog - each paper linked to the benchmarks, methods, and models it introduces.
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31 Jul 2026
Conflicting objectives are general in RL alignment, and training on them data-efficiently is hard. Training a safety guard with RL means optimizing two objectives that conflict: catch real harm, and do not refuse benign prompts.
31 Jul 2026
Agentic LLMs exhibit three consequential tool-use failures: invalid arguments (validity), unnecessary calls (over-calling), and omitted calls when tools are needed (missing).
31 Jul 2026
Fortran has been the cornerstone of high-performance computing for decades and remains unmatched in many domains. Yet the language faces an expertise gap: a new generation of scientists is barely familiar with it, while many experienced Fortran developers are only now…
31 Jul 2026
Counterfactual explanations (CEs) enhance the interpretability of machine learning models by identifying the smallest change to an input required to obtain a desired output.
31 Jul 2026
The rapid adoption of deep learning models in high-risk domains has intensified the need for trustworthy Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). However, objectively evaluating explanation fidelity and aligning XAI metrics with human-centered understanding remain critical…
31 Jul 2026
Identifying reliable Alzheimer's disease (AD) markers typically requires manual, labor-intensive transcription and expert analysis, limiting its scale. We introduce an automated pipeline that extracts qualitative knowledge about potential AD progression indicators directly from…
31 Jul 2026
Spatial atomic layer deposition (SALD) is a leading atmospheric-pressure, high-throughput route to industrial ALD, but design and control are limited by the cost of predicting surface coverage: high-fidelity CFD is far too slow for operating-window scans, while analytic models…
31 Jul 2026
A wide range of statistical and machine learning methods have been proposed for survival analysis with competing risks, where the occurrence of one event (i.e., cancer death) precludes the occurrence of other events (i.e., cardiovascular disease death).
31 Jul 2026
Renault, Bergeaud, and Bosquet (hereafter RBB) argue that dating LLM adoption as the first month in which an author's abstract is flagged induces a stopping-time selection that can produce a positive event-study path even when there is no causal effect.
31 Jul 2026
In this research-to-practice paper we present a survey that can be used to assess students' AI knowledge. As the use of artificial intelligence (AI), including generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), has proliferated, so has the need to educate students about the topic.
31 Jul 2026
Polymers synthesized via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic monomers represent an important class of materials due to their chemical recyclability and possible insertion in several critical applications.
31 Jul 2026
A routing decision can be revised at the next transaction, but a latched source exclusion persists across later decisions. We ask what evidence should authorize these unequal-persistence actions when finite-population auditing and learning share a budget.
31 Jul 2026
Large language models have demonstrated strong mathematical problem-solving capabilities, yet reliably verifying their candidate answers remains challenging. Existing representative methods mainly revise outputs through natural-language reflection or assist verification by…
31 Jul 2026
Standard AI-text detection benchmarks compare human-written text against text generated directly by large language models (LLMs). While prior work has shown that rewriting and paraphrasing can degrade detector performance, it remains unclear whether performance measured on this…
30 Jul 2026
Evaluating the quality and relevance of textual outputs from Large Language Models (LLMs) remains challenging and resource-intensive. Existing automated metrics often fail to capture the complexity and variability inherent in LLM-generated outputs.
30 Jul 2026
On-policy self-distillation (OPSD) is a promising approach to improve reasoning language models, but it remains brittle in practice: making it work reliably often requires substantial engineering effort.
30 Jul 2026
Memory is central to long-horizon LLM agents, yet existing memory systems primarily preserve interaction content rather than modeling which agents can be trusted and under what conditions.
30 Jul 2026
Inference time defences against vision language model jailbreaks often subtract a calibrated direction from the residual stream at a chosen decoder layer. We compare five defence candidates across 15 model and layer cells from four architectural families under a magnitude…
30 Jul 2026
Recent incidents of accidental damage and suspected sabotage to submarine telecommunication and power cables, particularly in the Baltic Sea, have underscored their vulnerability and the need for continuous monitoring solutions.
30 Jul 2026
Intelligence is commonly understood as the ability to acquire and apply knowledge, adapt to unfamiliar situations and solve new problems. Large language models exhibit this capacity by inferring task-relevant knowledge from textual context and applying it to new tasks.
30 Jul 2026
Standard automated sewer pipe severity assessment relies on direct image classification, creating a "black box" where the link between visual defects and final severity scores remains implicit.
30 Jul 2026
Many modern outcomes, including images, point clouds, networks, and spatial fields, are structured objects for which \(Y^1-Y^0\) may be undefined or scientifically inadequate.
30 Jul 2026
Pattern-recognition control promises a myoelectric prosthesis that responds to many intended gestures rather than one or two, but the promise has stayed in the laboratory.
30 Jul 2026
Time-varying implicit neural representations (INRs) provide a compact representation of scientific volumes and, for modalities such as dynamic X-ray computed tomography (CT), are often the only practical way to represent the data.