Trending research and the full catalog - each paper linked to the benchmarks, methods, and models it introduces.
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25 Oct 2026
We propose a joint sparse sample weighting and parameter estimation (SWAPE) framework that jointly optimizes model parameters and sample weights to train a model while simultaneously assigning an individual weight to each training data point.
25 Oct 2026
Large Language Models(LLMs) have shown strong performance on tasks with verifiable answers, but many real-world queries involve subjectivity, disagreement, and conflicting evidence.
25 Oct 2026
Entropy in reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) moves up or down depending on choices that should be neutral, such as whether over-length responses are masked or counted as failures.
24 Oct 2026
The capabilities of large language models (LLMs) and multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) arise from the synergy of the full training pipeline, including data and tokenization, pretraining, and post-training (supervised fine-tuning, preference alignment, reinforcement learning, and continual…
24 Oct 2026
In this work, we propose a unified framework for training algorithms across different stages of modern large language model development, based on the perspective of distribution matching.
24 Oct 2026
This paper presents a model theoretic and computational formalization of AlKhwarizmis treatment of inheritance within the framework of Computational Fiqh. We first show that every inheritance configuration in a specified class is representable as a finite system of rational…
24 Oct 2026
Daylight compliance assessment in residential buildings requires time-consuming raytracing simulations and specialist model preparation, limiting its integration into iterative architectural design.
24 Oct 2026
We present a generic actor-critic method that combines a ridge-regularized pathwise least-squares temporal-difference (LSTD) critic with importance-corrected momentum (ICM) actors.
23 Oct 2026
Negation occurs in every language, yet its surface realization differs drastically. Despite this, multilingual large language models (LLMs) translate negation robustly, raising the question of whether they share an underlying representation of negation across languages.
23 Oct 2026
Humans reason about the physical world by flexibly combining different forms of inference as a problem unfolds. Achieving this flexibility is a major open challenge in AI: capabilities often remain separated across specialized models, limiting how they can be composed and…
23 Oct 2026
Humans efficiently process multimodal streams spanning hours to years, building persistent, fine-grained spatiotemporal memories that support reasoning about and predicting long-horizon events.
23 Oct 2026
Locating relevant evidence in long inputs is a core capability of Multimodal Large Language Models. Prior studies attribute this capability to retrieval heads, a sparse set of attention heads that transfer information from the context to the output.
23 Oct 2026
Public drug-protein bioactivity resources commonly identify targets by UniProt accession, although one accession may represent distinct experimental sequences. We present Curate-DTI, a construct-aware dataset derived from the 1 July 2026 BindingDB export, with IC50, Ki, Kd and…
23 Oct 2026
Large language model agents launch simulations on high-performance computing (HPC) systems, where one sbatch or mpirun can commit thousands of node-hours and a forged result can cost lives.
23 Oct 2026
We study the dynamic allocation of scarce medications in Liberia's community health program. A central warehouse supplies a health facility and the Community Health Assistants (CHAs) it supervises.
23 Oct 2026
Longitudinal causal effect estimation is complicated by time-varying confounding and treatment-confounder feedback loops. Existing methods generally require data-specific nuisance-model fitting, and many are tailored to prespecified treatment sequences or prediction horizons,…
23 Oct 2026
Constitutive models for history-dependent, path-dependent materials typically encode this dependence in prescribed functional forms through internal variables such as damage or plastic strain that are phenomenological, model-dependent, and not directly observable.
23 Oct 2026
This paper develops a foundational measure-geometric theory of robustness in machine learning. Robustness is formulated as escape from a retained task state relative to a reference measure on a data-bearing manifold, a perturbation gauge, and an admissible realization mechanism.
23 Oct 2026
Physics-constrained machine learning (PCML) integrates domain knowledge, first-principles, and physical constraints into AI/ML models. In this work, we present a step-by-step tutorial of a modular PCML framework, KKT-HardNet, and illustrate how it could be used for hybrid…
22 Oct 2026
Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to carefully orchestrated multi-turn interactions that progressively bypass safety mechanisms. However, many existing red-teaming approaches rely on heuristics or impose strong assumptions that limit their applicability in…
22 Oct 2026
We study episodic linear Markov decision processes with unknown transitions, adversarial losses, and bandit feedback. The state-of-the-art result for this setting (Liu et al., 2024) either achieves $\sqrt{K}$ regret with a computationally inefficient algorithm or achieves…
22 Oct 2026
Standard implementations of softmax, log-softmax, and cross-entropy have two numerical bugs. The first bug, Softmax Collapse, rounds the target logit's gradient to zero if that one logit is much larger than the others, resulting in gradients that no longer sum to zero.
22 Oct 2026
This paper presents a dataset of 121,536 ground-reasons pairs across 86,464 rulings of the five civil chambers of the French Court of Cassation (2016-2025). An appeal on points of law cannot itself be appealed and often decides a case for good.
22 Oct 2026
Recent work from Anthropic introduced a new interpretability tool, called the Jacobian lens (J-lens, Gurnee et al., 2026). This method identified linear directions in the hidden states of frontier language models that had properties reminiscent of working memory-like…