Bi-Lipschitz Ansatz for Anti-Symmetric Functions

Motivated by applications to the simulation of quantum many-body systems by neural networks, researchers have suggested several models which are antisymmetric by construction, and can approximate all antisymmetric functions. However, these works either require very high computational complexity to attain universal approximation, or suffer from discontinuities. In this paper, we introduce two antisymmetric ansatzes which do not suffer from these disadvantages. The first is based on a bi-Lipschitz embedding with respect to a naturally defined metric. The second is a modular anti-symmetrizing projection framework based on the frame-averaging methodology. Both approaches yield continuous antisymmetric models which attain universal approximation guarantees with a polynomial complexity in problem size. Moreover, for both approaches, we obtain quantitative approximation results that bound the number of parameters required to approximate Lipschitz antisymmetric functions to a given accuracy ε. We also provide preliminary experimental evidence suggesting improved performance in learning antisymmetric functions.